Zaldiar effervescent

Package leaflet: Information for the patient

Warning! Keep this leaflet, information on the immediate packaging in a foreign language!
Zaldiar Effervescent (Zaldiar)
37.5 mg + 325 mg, effervescent tablets
Tramadoli hydrochloridum + Paracetamolum
Zaldiar Effervescent and Zaldiar are different brand names for the same medicine.
Please read this leaflet carefully before using the medicine, as it contains
important information for the patient.

• Keep this leaflet so that you can read it again if necessary.
• If you have any doubts, consult your doctor or pharmacist.
• This medicine has been prescribed for a specific individual. Do not pass it on to others. The medicine may harm another person, even if their symptoms are the same.
• If the patient experiences any adverse reactions, including any adverse reactions not listed in this leaflet, inform your doctor or pharmacist. See section 4.

Table of contents of the leaflet

1. What Zaldiar Effervescent is and what it is used for
2. Important information before taking Zaldiar Effervescent
3. How to take Zaldiar Effervescent
4. Possible side effects
5. How to store Zaldiar Effervescent
6. Contents of the pack and other information

1. What Zaldiar Effervescent is and what it is used for

Zaldiar Effervescent is a combination medicine containing two active substances with analgesic properties: tramadol hydrochloride and paracetamol.
Zaldiar Effervescent is indicated for the symptomatic treatment of moderate to severe pain in patients for whom concomitant administration of tramadol and paracetamol is appropriate.
The medicine is intended for use in adults and adolescents aged 12 years and older.

2. Important information before using Zaldiar Effervescent

When not to use Zaldiar Effervescent:

• if the patient is allergic to tramadol hydrochloride, paracetamol, or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6),
• in case of acute poisoning with alcohol, sedatives, painkillers, or other psychotropic medicines (used in the treatment of mental disorders),
• when taking MAO inhibitors (certain medicines used to treat depression or Parkinson’s disease) or within 14 days after discontinuation of such treatment,
• in severe hepatic insufficiency,
• in patients with treatment-resistant epilepsy,
• in pregnant or breastfeeding women.

Warnings and precautions
Before starting treatment with Zaldiar Effervescent, discuss this with your doctor or pharmacist.

• when taking other medicines containing tramadol or paracetamol. Paracetamol overdose may cause life-threatening liver damage in some patients;
• in case of liver damage or liver disease, alcoholic liver disease without cirrhosis, or yellowing of the eyes and skin. This may be due to jaundice or biliary tract disease;
• in case of kidney disease;
• in case of respiratory disorders, e.g. asthma or other lung diseases;
• in case of epilepsy or history of seizures, or when taking other medicines that lower the seizure threshold, particularly: selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), tricyclic antidepressants, neuroleptics, centrally and locally acting analgesics;
• after recent head injury, shock, or severe headaches accompanied by vomiting;
• in case of dependence on any drugs, including opioids such as morphine;
• when taking other analgesics containing buprenorphine, nalbuphine, or pentazocine;
• if the patient suffers from depression and is taking antidepressants, because some of them may interact with tramadol (see “Zaldiar Effervescent and other medicines”); After taking tramadol in combination with certain antidepressants or tramadol alone, there is a small risk of developing serotonin syndrome. If any symptoms of this serious condition occur, the patient should seek immediate medical advice (see section 4 “Possible side effects”).

If undergoing anesthesia, inform the doctor or dentist about taking Zaldiar Effervescent.
Zaldiar Effervescent must not be used in the treatment of opioid dependence, as it does not alleviate withdrawal symptoms.
Tolerance, psychological and physical dependence may develop, especially with prolonged use.
Withdrawal symptoms similar to those seen after opioid discontinuation may occur even with therapeutic doses and short-term treatment.

Sleep-related breathing disorders
Zaldiar Effervescent may cause sleep-related breathing disorders such as sleep apnoea (pauses in breathing during sleep) and hypoxemia (low blood oxygen levels). Symptoms may include breathing pauses during sleep, nocturnal awakenings due to breathlessness, difficulty maintaining sleep, or excessive daytime sleepiness. If the patient or another person observes these symptoms, contact a doctor. The doctor may consider reducing the dose.
If any of the following symptoms occur during treatment with Zaldiar Effervescent, inform the doctor:
Excessive fatigue, loss of appetite, severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or low blood pressure.
This may indicate adrenal insufficiency (low cortisol levels). If such symptoms occur, contact a doctor who will decide whether hormone replacement is necessary.
Tramadol is metabolized in the liver by an enzyme. Some individuals have a genetic variation of this enzyme, which may lead to different effects. In some people, pain relief may be insufficient, while in others, severe adverse effects may be more likely. Discontinue use and contact a doctor immediately if any of the following adverse effects occur: slowed or shallow breathing, confusion, drowsiness, constricted pupils, nausea or vomiting, constipation, or loss of appetite.
If any of the above conditions have occurred in the past or during treatment with Zaldiar Effervescent, inform the doctor. The doctor will decide whether treatment should continue.

Zaldiar Effervescent and other medicines
Inform your doctor or pharmacist about all medicines currently or recently taken, as well as any medicines planned for future use.
Important: this medicine contains paracetamol and tramadol. Inform your doctor about any other medicines containing paracetamol or tramadol to avoid overdose.
Concomitant use of Zaldiar Effervescent with MAO inhibitors is contraindicated, as well as within 14 days after discontinuation of such treatment. See section “When not to use Zaldiar Effervescent”.
Concomitant use of Zaldiar Effervescent is not recommended with:

• carbamazepine (commonly used as an antiepileptic and also in certain types of pain, such as severe facial pain known as trigeminal neuralgia);
• other opioid analgesics such as buprenorphine, nalbuphine, or pentazocine, as analgesic effect may be reduced;
• alcohol, including in medicinal products containing alcohol.

Inform your doctor or pharmacist if the patient is taking:

• flucloxacillin (an antibiotic), due to a serious risk of a disorder affecting blood and body fluids (metabolic acidosis with high anion gap), which requires urgent treatment and may occur particularly in patients with severe renal impairment, sepsis (a condition where bacteria and their toxins circulate in the blood, leading to organ damage), malnutrition, chronic alcoholism, or in patients taking maximum daily doses of paracetamol.

The risk of adverse effects increases if the patient is taking during treatment with Zaldiar Effervescent:

• certain antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), tricyclic antidepressants, or mirtazapine; Zaldiar Effervescent may interact with these and cause serotonin syndrome (see section 4 “Possible side effects”);

• other analgesics such as morphine and codeine (used as a cough suppressant), baclofen (muscle relaxant), antihypertensive medicines, and antihistamines, as they may increase the risk of central nervous system depression. If drowsiness or impaired concentration occurs, inform the doctor. Concomitant use of Zaldiar Effervescent with sedatives such as benzodiazepines or related derivatives increases the risk of drowsiness, breathing difficulties (respiratory depression), coma, and may be life-threatening. Therefore, concomitant use should only be considered when no other treatment options are available. If the doctor prescribes Zaldiar Effervescent together with sedatives, the prescribing doctor should limit the dose and duration of concomitant treatment;
  Inform the doctor about all sedative medicines being taken and strictly follow dosing instructions. It may be helpful to inform friends or family members so they are aware of the possibility of the above-mentioned subjective and objective symptoms. If such symptoms occur, contact a doctor;

• medicines that may provoke seizures, such as antidepressants or antipsychotics. The risk of seizures may increase if the patient takes Zaldiar Effervescent together with these medicines. The doctor should inform the patient whether Zaldiar Effervescent is suitable for them;

• warfarin or phenprocoumon (used to “thin” the blood). The effect of these medicines may change, leading to bleeding. Any prolonged or unexpected bleeding requires immediate medical consultation. Prothrombin time should be monitored periodically.

The effectiveness of Zaldiar Effervescent may be altered when taken concomitantly with:

• metoclopramide, domperidone, or ondansetron (anti-nausea and anti-emetic medicines);
• cholestyramine (a medicine used to lower blood cholesterol levels);
• ketoconazole or erythromycin (anti-infective medicines).

The doctor will decide which medicines can be safely used together with Zaldiar Effervescent.
Zaldiar Effervescent with food, drink and alcohol
Zaldiar Effervescent may cause drowsiness. Alcohol (including in alcoholic beverages and certain medicines) may intensify this effect. Do not drink alcohol while taking Zaldiar Effervescent.
Children and adolescents
Use in children with respiratory disorders
Tramadol is not recommended in children with respiratory disorders, as tramadol toxicity symptoms may be more pronounced in this group.
Pregnancy, breastfeeding and fertility
If the patient is pregnant or breastfeeding, suspects she may be pregnant, or is planning to have a child, she should consult a doctor or pharmacist before using this medicine.
Tramadol is excreted in breast milk. Therefore, during breastfeeding, Zaldiar Effervescent should not be taken more than once, or if more than one dose has been taken, breastfeeding should be discontinued.
Zaldiar Effervescent must not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
No studies have been conducted on the effect of the combination of tramadol and paracetamol on fertility.
Driving and operating machinery
Zaldiar Effervescent may cause drowsiness, which may affect the ability to drive or operate machinery. Do not drive or operate machinery while taking this medicine.
This medicine contains a colouring agent - Sunset Yellow FCF (E 110), which may cause allergic reactions.
This medicine contains 7.8 mmol (or 179.3 mg) of sodium per dose.
Talk to your doctor or pharmacist if the patient needs to take 2 or more effervescent tablets daily for a prolonged period. This is particularly important in patients on a low-sodium diet.
One tablet contains 2.9 mg of potassium.

3. How to use Zaldiar Effervescent

This medicine should always be used as prescribed by a doctor. If in doubt, consult a doctor or pharmacist.
Zaldiar Effervescent should be used for the shortest duration possible.
Do not use this medicine in children under 12 years of age.
The dose should be adjusted according to the severity of pain and the individual patient's response to treatment. The lowest effective dose that controls pain adequately should be used.
Unless otherwise directed by a doctor, the recommended dose of Zaldiar Effervescent is 2 effervescent tablets for adults and children aged 12 years and older.
If needed, a doctor may recommend taking additional doses. Do not take subsequent doses more frequently than every 6 hours.
Do not exceed 8 effervescent tablets per day.
Do not take Zaldiar Effervescent more often than prescribed by a doctor.

Elderly patients
In patients over 75 years of age, elimination of tramadol from the body may be delayed. In these patients, a doctor may recommend extending the interval between doses.

Patients with renal impairment, those undergoing dialysis, or with hepatic impairment
Do not take Zaldiar Effervescent in cases of severe hepatic and/or renal impairment.
In cases of mild or moderate impairment, a doctor may recommend longer intervals between doses.

Instructions for use
The tablets should be taken orally.
An effervescent tablet should be dissolved in a glass of water.
If you feel that the effect of Zaldiar Effervescent is too strong (e.g. drowsiness or breathing difficulties) or too weak (pain not adequately relieved), consult your doctor.

Taking more than the recommended dose of Zaldiar Effervescent
If you take more than the recommended dose, even if you feel well, seek immediate medical advice from a doctor or pharmacist. There is a risk of liver damage, the symptoms of which may appear later.

Missed dose of Zaldiar Effervescent
If you miss a dose, pain may return. Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed dose; continue taking the medicine as prescribed.

Stopping Zaldiar Effervescent
Do not stop using this medicine abruptly without medical advice. If a patient wishes to discontinue the medicine, this should be discussed with a doctor, especially if the medicine has been used long-term.
The doctor will advise when and how to stop treatment; this may involve gradually reducing the dose to minimize the risk of withdrawal symptoms.

If you have any further questions about the use of this medicine, consult your doctor or pharmacist.

4. Possible adverse effects

Like all medicines, this medicine can cause adverse effects, although not everyone experiences them.

Very common: occur in more than 1 in 10 patients

• nausea,
• dizziness, drowsiness.

Common: may occur in up to 1 in 10 patients

• vomiting, gastrointestinal disturbances (constipation, bloating, diarrhoea), stomach pain, dry mouth,
• itching, excessive sweating,
• headache, tremor,
• confusion, sleep disturbances, mood changes (anxiety, nervousness, abnormal state of excitement).

Uncommon: may occur in up to 1 in 100 patients

• increased heart rate or blood pressure, disturbances in heart rate or rhythm,
• difficulty in urination or pain,
• skin reactions (e.g. rash, urticaria),
• tingling, numbness or pins and needles in the limbs, tinnitus, involuntary muscle twitching,
• depression, nightmares, hallucinations (hearing, seeing or feeling things that are not there), memory lapses,
• difficulty swallowing, blood in stool (black tarry stools),
• chills, hot flushes, chest pain,
• difficulty breathing,
• increased liver enzyme levels.

Rare: may occur in up to 1 in 1000 patients

• seizures, difficulty maintaining coordinated movements,
• dependence, delirium,
• blurred vision, pinpoint pupils,
• speech disturbances,
• excessive dilation of the pupils,
• brief loss of consciousness (fainting).

Unknown frequency: frequency cannot be estimated from the available data

• decrease in blood sugar levels,
• hiccups,
• central sleep apnoea syndrome (cases of SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion) and hyponatraemia (low sodium levels in the blood) have been reported in the literature, although a causal relationship with tramadol has not been established),
• serotonin syndrome, which may present with changes in mental status (e.g. agitation, hallucinations, coma) and other symptoms such as fever, increased heart rate, unstable blood pressure, involuntary muscle contractions, muscle rigidity, lack of coordination, and/or gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g. nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea) (see section 2 “Important information before taking Zaldiar Effervescent”).

The following adverse effects have been observed in patients after administration of tramadol alone or paracetamol alone. However, if any of these occur after taking Zaldiar Effervescent, you should inform your doctor:

• Fainting upon standing from a lying or sitting position, bradycardia (slow heart rate), collapse (fainting), changes in appetite, muscle weakness, slower or shallower breathing, mood changes, changes in activity, changes in cognitive abilities, worsening of asthma.

• In rare cases: skin rash indicating an allergic reaction, which may present with sudden swelling of the face and neck, difficulty breathing, low blood pressure, and fainting. If any of these symptoms occur, treatment should be discontinued immediately and medical advice should be sought without delay. Do not restart treatment with this medicine.

• During use of paracetamol, very rare cases of severe skin reactions have been reported (rash with blisters all over the body, erosions in the mouth, eyes, genital organs and on the skin, red spots on the trunk, often with blisters in the centre, rupture of large blisters, peeling of large sheets of skin, weakness, fever and joint pain). Treatment should be stopped immediately and medical advice should be sought without delay. Do not restart treatment with this medicine.

In rare cases, use of tramadol may lead to dependence and difficulty discontinuing the medicine.

In rare cases, in patients who have been taking tramadol for some time, withdrawal symptoms may occur after abrupt discontinuation. These may include restlessness, anxiety, nervousness or tremor. Patients may be hyperactive, have sleep problems and gastrointestinal disturbances. A very small number of patients may experience panic attacks, hallucinations, or unusual sensations such as itching, tingling, numbness or tinnitus. If any of the above symptoms occur after stopping Zaldiar Effervescent, contact your doctor.

In exceptional cases, blood tests may show abnormalities: for example, low platelet count, which may result in nosebleeds or bleeding gums.

Concomitant use of Zaldiar Effervescent with anticoagulant medicines (e.g. phenprocoumon, warfarin) may increase the risk of bleeding. In case of any prolonged or unexpected bleeding, seek medical advice immediately.

Reporting of adverse effects

If any adverse effects occur, including any not listed in this leaflet, inform your doctor or pharmacist. Adverse effects can be reported directly to the Department of Monitoring Adverse Drug Reactions, Office for Registration of Medicinal Products, Medical Devices and Biocidal Products
Al. Jerozolimskie 181C
02-222 Warsaw
Tel: +48 22 49 21 301
Fax: +48 22 49 21 309
Website: https://smz.ezdrowie.gov.pl

Reporting adverse effects helps to provide more information on the safety of this medicine.

5. How to store Zaldiar Effervescent

Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of children.
Do not use this medicine after the expiry date stated on the packaging.
The expiry date refers to the last day of the stated month.
Do not store above 25°C.
Medicines must not be disposed of via wastewater or household waste. Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medicines you no longer use. This will help protect the environment.

6. Contents of the packaging and other information

What Zaldiar Effervescent contains

• The active substances are tramadol hydrochloride and paracetamol. One effervescent tablet contains 37.5 mg of tramadol hydrochloride and 325 mg of paracetamol.
• Other components are: Sodium citrate, citric acid, povidone K 30, sodium hydrogen carbonate, macrogol 6000, colloidal anhydrous silica, magnesium stearate, orange flavour, potassium acesulfame, sodium saccharin, sunset yellow (E 110).

What Zaldiar Effervescent looks like and contents of the pack
Round, flat tablet with bevelled edges, marbled, white to light pink in colour.
The tablets are packed in soft blisters made of aluminium foil with an outer layer of PET and an inner layer of PE, containing 20 effervescent tablets (5x4), 28 effervescent tablets (7x4), 32 effervescent tablets (8x4), or 48 effervescent tablets (12x4), packed in a cardboard carton.
For more detailed information, please contact the Marketing Authorisation Holder or the parallel importer.
Marketing Authorisation Holder in Spain, country of export:
Grünenthal Pharma, S.A.
Doctor Zamenhof, 36
28027 Madrid, Spain
Manufacturer:
Grünenthal GmbH
Zieglerstrasse 6
D-52078 Aachen, Germany
Parallel importer:
Medezin Sp. z o.o.
ul. Zbąszyńska 3
91-342 Łódź, Poland
Repackaged in:
Medezin Sp. z o.o.
ul. Zbąszyńska 3
91-342 Łódź, Poland
Spanish Marketing Authorisation Number (country of export): 662457.9
Parallel Import Licence Number: 181/25