Skudexa: detailed information

Package leaflet: Information for the patient

Warning! Keep this leaflet! Information on the outer packaging in a foreign language.
Skudexa (Enanplus)
75 mg + 25 mg, coated tablets
Tramadoli hydrochloridum + Dexketoprofenum
Skudexa and Enanplus are different brand names of the same medicinal product.
Please read this leaflet carefully before taking the medicine, as it contains important information for the patient.

Keep this leaflet, as you may need to read it again.
If you have any questions, consult your doctor.
This medicine has been prescribed for a specific individual. Do not pass it on to others. It may harm someone else, even if their symptoms are the same.
If you experience any adverse reactions, including any not listed in this leaflet, inform your doctor. See section 4.

Table of contents of the leaflet:

What Skudexa is and what it is used for
What you need to know before taking Skudexa
How to take Skudexa
Possible side effects
How to store Skudexa
Contents of the pack and other information

1. What Skudexa is and what it is used for

Skudexa contains tramadol hydrochloride and dexketoprofen as active substances.
Tramadol hydrochloride is an analgesic belonging to a group of medicines called opioids, which act on the central nervous system.
It relieves pain by acting on specific nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord.
Dexketoprofen is an analgesic belonging to a group of medicines called non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
Skudexa is used for short-term symptomatic treatment of moderate to severe acute pain in adults.
You should inform your doctor if you do not feel better or feel worse after taking this medicine.

2. Important information before using Skudexa

When not to use Skudexa:

if the patient is allergic to dexketoprofen, tramadol hydrochloride, or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6)
if the patient has hypersensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
if the patient has previously experienced asthma attacks, acute allergic rhinitis (short-term inflammation of the nasal mucosa), nasal polyps (nasal swellings caused by allergy), urticaria (skin rash), angioedema (swelling of the face, eyes, lips, tongue or a combination of respiratory disorders), or wheezing after taking acetylsalicylic acid or another NSAID
if the patient has previously experienced photosensitivity reactions: photoallergic or phototoxic reactions (particularly as redness and/or blisters on skin exposed to sunlight) while taking ketoprofen (an NSAID) or
fibrates (medicines used to lower blood lipid levels)
if the patient has gastric or duodenal ulcer disease and/or gastrointestinal bleeding, or if there has been previous gastrointestinal bleeding, ulceration or perforation, including cases due to prior use of NSAIDs
if the patient has chronic digestive problems (e.g. indigestion, heartburn)
if the patient has inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis)
if the patient has severe heart failure, moderate or severe renal impairment, or severe hepatic impairment
if the patient has a tendency to excessive bleeding or coagulation disorders
if the patient is severely dehydrated (excessive fluid loss from the body) due to vomiting, diarrhoea, or inadequate fluid intake
in cases of acute alcohol intoxication, sedatives, analgesics, or medicines affecting mood and emotions
if the patient is also taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) (certain medicines used in
the treatment of depression) or has taken them within the last 14 days before starting treatment with this
medicine (see "Skudexa with other medicines")
if the patient has epilepsy or seizures, as seizure risk may increase
if the patient has difficulty breathing
if the patient is pregnant or breastfeeding.

Warnings and precautions
Before starting treatment with Skudexa, consult your doctor:

if the patient has allergies or a history of allergic reactions
if the patient has kidney, liver, or heart function disorders (hypertension and/or heart failure), fluid retention, or if any of these conditions have occurred previously
in patients taking diuretics
if the patient has heart problems, history of stroke, or suspected risk factors for these conditions (e.g. high blood pressure, diabetes, elevated cholesterol, or smoking). In such cases, consult your doctor before using Skudexa. Use of medicines such as Skudexa may be associated with a small increased risk of heart attack ("myocardial infarction") or stroke. This risk increases with long-term use of high doses. Do not exceed recommended doses or duration of treatment
if the patient is elderly: increased risk of adverse effects (see section 4). In such cases, contact your doctor immediately
in women with fertility problems: this medicine may impair female fertility and is not recommended for women planning pregnancy or undergoing infertility treatment
if the patient has blood cell formation or blood cell disorders
if the patient has systemic lupus erythematosus or mixed connective tissue disease (immune system disorders affecting connective tissue)
if the patient has previously had chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease)
if the patient has or has had other stomach or intestinal disorders
if the patient has an infection – see below, section titled "Infections"
if the patient is taking other medicines that increase the risk of gastric or duodenal ulcer disease or bleeding, e.g. oral corticosteroids, certain antidepressants (SSRIs, i.e. selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors), antithrombotic medicines such as acetylsalicylic acid, or anticoagulants such as warfarin. In such cases, consult your doctor before taking Skudexa; the doctor may decide to prescribe a protective medicine
if the patient has depression and is taking antidepressants, as some of these may interact with tramadol (see "Skudexa with other medicines")
if the patient is taking other medicines containing the same active substances, do not exceed the maximum daily dose of dexketoprofen or tramadol
if the patient believes they are dependent on other painkillers (opioids)
if the patient has disturbances in consciousness (if the patient feels they might faint)
if the patient is in shock (cold sweat may be a symptom)
if the patient has increased intracranial pressure (e.g. due to head injury or brain disease)
if the patient has breathing difficulties
if the patient has porphyria.

Tramadol may lead to physical and psychological dependence. If used for a long time, its effect may weaken, requiring higher doses (development of tolerance). In patients with a tendency to drug abuse or dependence, treatment with Skudexa should be short-term and under strict medical supervision. Inform your doctor if any of these problems occur during treatment with Skudexa or have occurred in the past.
If any of the following symptoms occur during treatment with Skudexa, inform your doctor: excessive fatigue, loss of appetite, severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or low blood pressure. These may indicate adrenal insufficiency (low cortisol levels). If such symptoms occur, contact your doctor, who will decide whether hormone replacement is necessary.
Tramadol is metabolized in the liver by an enzyme. Some individuals have a genetic variation of this enzyme, which may lead to different effects. In some people, pain relief may be insufficient, while in others, severe adverse effects may be more likely. Discontinue use and contact your doctor immediately if any of the following adverse effects occur: slowed or shallow breathing, confusion, drowsiness, pinpoint pupils, nausea or vomiting, constipation, or loss of appetite.
There is a small risk of serotonin syndrome when tramadol is taken with certain antidepressants or tramadol alone. If any symptoms of this serious condition occur, the patient should seek immediate medical advice (see section 4 "Possible side effects").
Breathing problems during sleep
Skudexa may cause breathing problems during sleep, such as sleep apnoea (pauses in breathing during sleep) and sleep-related hypoxemia (low blood oxygen levels). Symptoms may include breathing pauses during sleep, nocturnal awakenings due to breathlessness, difficulty maintaining sleep, or excessive daytime sleepiness. If the patient or another person observes these symptoms, contact a doctor. The doctor may recommend reducing the dose.
Infections
Skudexa may mask symptoms of infection, such as fever and pain. Therefore, Skudexa may delay appropriate treatment of infection, potentially increasing the risk of complications. This has been observed in bacterial pneumonia and bacterial skin infections associated with chickenpox. If the patient takes this medicine during an infection and symptoms persist or worsen, consult a doctor immediately.
Avoid using this medicine during chickenpox.
Children and adolescents
Use of this medicine has not been studied in children and adolescents. Safety and efficacy have not been established, and therefore Skudexa should not be used in children and adolescents.
Use in children with breathing disorders
Tramadol is not recommended in children with breathing disorders, as tramadol toxicity symptoms may be intensified.
Skudexa with other medicines
Tell your doctor about all medicines the patient is currently taking or has recently taken, including over-the-counter medicines, and any medicines the patient plans to take.
Some medicines should not be used together with Skudexa, while others may require dose adjustments when taken concurrently. Always inform your doctor if any of the following medicines are being taken together with Skudexa:
Not recommended for concomitant use:

Acetylsalicylic acid, corticosteroids, or other anti-inflammatory medicines
Warfarin, heparin, or other antithrombotic medicines
Lithium used to treat certain mood disorders
Methotrexate used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and cancer
Hydantoin derivatives and phenytoin used to treat epilepsy
Sulfamethoxazole used to treat bacterial infections
Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) (medicines used to treat depression).

Concomitant use requiring caution:

ACE inhibitors, diuretics, beta-blockers, and angiotensin II antagonists used to treat high blood pressure and heart disease
Pentoxifylline used to treat ulcers in chronic venous insufficiency
Zidovudine used to treat viral infections
Chlorpropamide and glibenclamide used to treat diabetes
Aminoglycoside antibiotics used to treat bacterial infections.
Concomitant use of Skudexa with sedatives such as benzodiazepines or other medicines acting similarly to benzodiazepines may increase the risk of drowsiness, breathing difficulties (respiratory depression), coma, and may be life-threatening. Therefore, concomitant use should only be considered when no other treatment options are possible. If your doctor prescribes Skudexa for concomitant use with sedatives, the dose and duration of treatment should be limited by the doctor. Inform your doctor about all sedative medicines you are taking and strictly follow your doctor's instructions. It may be helpful to inform friends and family that the above symptoms may occur. Contact your doctor if such symptoms occur.

Concomitant use requiring special consideration:

Quinolone antibiotics (e.g. ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin) used to treat bacterial infections
Cyclosporine and tacrolimus used to treat immune system disorders and in transplant patients
Streptokinase and other thrombolytic or fibrinolytic medicines used to dissolve blood clots
Probenecid used to treat gout
Digoxin used to treat chronic heart failure
Mifepristone used as an abortion-inducing medicine
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
Antiplatelet medicines used to reduce platelet aggregation and blood clot formation
Tenofovir, deferasirox, pemetrexed

The pain-relieving effect of tramadol may be reduced and its duration shortened when the patient is also taking medicines containing:

Carbamazepine (due to seizures)
Buprenorphine, nalbuphine, or pentazocine (analgesics)
Ondansetron (prevents nausea).

The risk of adverse effects increases:

if the patient takes sedatives, sleeping medicines, other analgesics such as morphine and codeine (also for cough) or alcohol while using Skudexa. The patient may feel drowsy or feel faint. If this occurs, inform the doctor
if the patient takes medicines that may cause seizures (convulsions), such as certain antidepressants or antipsychotics. The risk of seizures may increase due to concomitant use of Skudexa. The doctor will decide whether Skudexa is suitable for the patient
if the patient takes certain antidepressants. Skudexa may interact with these medicines and cause serotonin syndrome (see section 4 "Possible side effects")
if the patient takes anticoagulants (blood thinners), e.g. warfarin, together with this medicine. The effect of these medicines on blood clotting may be disturbed, leading to bleeding.

Use with alcohol
Do not drink alcohol during treatment with Skudexa, as it may intensify the effect of this medicine.
Instructions for use of Skudexa – see section 3.
Pregnancy, breastfeeding and effects on fertility
If the patient is pregnant or breastfeeding, suspects she may be pregnant, or plans to have a child, she should consult her doctor before using this medicine.
Dexketoprofen may cause kidney and heart problems in the unborn child. This medicine may increase the tendency to bleeding in both the mother and child and may delay or prolong labour. From the 20th week of pregnancy, dexketoprofen may cause:
kidney problems in the unborn child – this may lead to reduced amniotic fluid volume surrounding the child (oligohydramnios)
or narrowing of a blood vessel (ductus arteriosus) in the child's heart.
Tramadol is excreted in breast milk.
Use of Skudexa is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Driving and operating machinery
Skudexa may affect the ability to drive and operate machinery due to possible side effects such as dizziness, visual disturbances, or drowsiness during treatment. This is particularly relevant when Skudexa is taken with medicines affecting mood and emotions or with alcohol.
If such symptoms occur, do not drive or operate machinery until symptoms resolve.
This medicine contains less than 1 mmol (23 mg) of sodium per dose, i.e. it is practically sodium-free.

3. How to take Skudexa

This medicine should always be taken as directed by the doctor. If in doubt, consult the doctor.
The lowest effective dose should be used for the shortest duration necessary to relieve symptoms. If signs of infection (such as fever and pain) persist or worsen, medical advice should be sought immediately (see section 2).
The doctor will inform the patient about the appropriate dose of Skudexa, which will depend on the type, severity, and duration of the patient's pain. The doctor will also advise on the number of tablets to be taken per day and the duration of treatment.
The recommended daily dose is usually 1 coated tablet (corresponding to 75 mg tramadol hydrochloride and 25 mg dexketoprofen) every 8 hours. The total daily dose should not exceed 3 coated tablets (corresponding to 225 mg tramadol hydrochloride and 75 mg dexketoprofen), and treatment should not last longer than 5 days.

Use in children and adolescents
Skudexa must not be used in children and adolescents.

Elderly patients
For patients aged 75 years or older, the doctor may recommend longer intervals between doses, as the body may metabolize the medicine more slowly.

Patients with severe liver or kidney disease (impaired function)/dialysis patients
Patients with severe liver disease and/or kidney failure must not take Skudexa.
In case of impaired kidney function, if the patient has mild kidney impairment, the doctor may recommend extending the interval between doses.
In case of impaired liver function, if the patient has mild or moderate liver impairment, the doctor may recommend extending the interval between doses.

Skudexa tablets should be swallowed with sufficient liquid (preferably a glass of water).
Food delays the absorption of Skudexa; therefore, to achieve a faster effect, the tablet should be taken at least 30 minutes before a meal. The score line on the tablet is intended to assist in breaking the tablet if difficulty is experienced in swallowing it whole.

Taking more than the recommended dose of Skudexa
If a patient takes more than the recommended dose, they should contact a doctor immediately or go to the nearest hospital emergency department. Remember to bring the medicine packaging or patient leaflet with you.
Symptoms of overdose include:

nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, drowsiness, dizziness/vertigo, disorientation, headache (due to dexketoprofen)
constricted pupils, vomiting, cardiac failure, loss of consciousness, seizures, and breathing difficulties (due to tramadol).

Missing a dose of Skudexa
Do not take a double dose to make up for a missed dose. The next dose should be taken according to the prescribed dosing schedule (see section 3 "How to take Skudexa").

Stopping Skudexa treatment
Withdrawal effects after stopping Skudexa are unlikely.
However, in rare cases, patients who have been taking Skudexa for some time may feel unwell if treatment is abruptly discontinued. They may experience agitation, anxiety, nervousness, feelings of unease, confusion, hyperactivity, sleep disturbances, and gastrointestinal disturbances. Rarely, patients may experience panic attacks, hallucinations, delusions, paranoia, or depersonalization. Unusual sensations such as itching, tingling, numbness, and tinnitus may occur. Very rare cases have included confusion, delusions, feelings of depersonalization, changes in perception of reality (derealization), and persecutory delusions (paranoia). If any of these symptoms occur after stopping Skudexa, consult a doctor.

If there are any further doubts regarding the use of this medicine, consult the doctor.

4. Possible side effects

Like all medicines, this medicine can cause side effects, although not everybody will get them.
The possible side effects are listed below, grouped according to the likelihood of their occurrence.
Contact a doctor immediately if symptoms of an allergic reaction occur, such as swelling of the face, tongue and/or throat, and/or difficulty swallowing, or hives together with difficulty breathing.
Stop taking Skudexa as quickly as possible if the patient notices the appearance of a rash or any changes inside the mouth or on mucous membranes, or any symptoms of allergy.

Very common side effects (may affect more than 1 in 10 patients):

nausea
dizziness.

Common side effects (may affect up to 1 in 10 patients):

vomiting
abdominal pain
diarrhoea
indigestion
headache
drowsiness, fatigue
constipation
dry mouth
excessive sweating.

Uncommon side effects (may affect up to 1 in 100 patients):

increased platelet count
effects on the heart and blood circulation (palpitations, rapid heartbeat, feeling faint or collapse), low blood pressure. These side effects may occur especially when the patient is in an upright position or during physical exertion.
high or very high blood pressure
swelling of the vocal cords (laryngeal oedema)
decreased potassium levels in the blood
psychotic disorders
eye-area swelling
shallow or slow breathing
discomfort, abnormal sense of well-being
blood in urine
sensation of spinning (vertigo)
insomnia or difficulty falling asleep
nervousness/anxiety
hot flushes
bloating
fatigue
pain
feeling feverish and chills, general malaise
abnormal blood test results
tendency to vomit (vomiting reflex)
feeling of pressure in the stomach, bloating
stomach inflammation
skin reactions (e.g. itching, rash)
facial swelling.

Rare side effects (may affect up to 1 in 1,000 patients):

swelling of lips and throat
peptic ulcer of the stomach and/or duodenum, perforation or bleeding, which may present as vomiting blood or black stools
prostate disorders
liver inflammation (hepatitis), liver damage
acute kidney failure
slow heartbeat
seizures
allergic/anaphylactic reactions (e.g. difficulty breathing, wheezing, skin swelling) and shock (sudden circulatory failure)
transient loss of consciousness (fainting)
hallucinations
water retention or ankle swelling
loss of appetite, appetite changes
acne
back pain
frequent urination or less than usual, with difficulties or pain
menstrual disorders
sensory disturbances (e.g. itching, tingling, numbness)
tremor, muscle spasms, uncoordinated movements, muscle weakness
confusion
sleep disturbances and nightmares
perceptual disturbances
blurred vision, pupil constriction
shortness of breath.

Psychiatric side effects may occur during treatment with Skudexa. Their intensity and nature may vary (depending on the patient's personality and duration of treatment) and may include:

mood changes (mostly good mood, sometimes irritability)
changes in activity (slowing down, but sometimes increased activity)
feeling less aware
reduced ability to make decisions, which may lead to reasoning errors.

Worsening of asthma has been reported.
Withdrawal symptoms may occur when treatment is stopped abruptly (see "Stopping Skudexa").
Seizures occurred mainly after high doses of tramadol or when tramadol was used simultaneously with other medicines that may provoke seizures.

Very rare side effects (may affect up to 1 in 10,000 patients):

pancreatitis
kidney problems
reduced white blood cell count (neutropenia)
reduced platelet count (thrombocytopenia)
skin, lip, eye or genital area ulceration (Stevens-Johnson syndrome and Lyell's syndrome)
shortness of breath due to airway narrowing
ringing in the ears (tinnitus)
skin hypersensitivity
light sensitivity.

Frequency not known (frequency cannot be estimated from available data):

serotonin syndrome, symptoms of which may include changes in mental state (e.g. agitation, hallucinations, coma), as well as other symptoms such as fever, increased heart rate, unstable blood pressure, involuntary muscle contractions, muscle rigidity, lack of coordination and/or gastrointestinal symptoms (e.g. nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea) (see section 2. Important information before taking Skudexa)
speech disorders
extreme pupil dilation
decreased blood sugar levels
hiccups.

Inform the doctor if the patient observes any gastrointestinal side effects at the beginning of treatment (e.g. stomach pain, heartburn or bleeding), especially if the patient has previously experienced similar adverse effects due to long-term use of anti-inflammatory medicines, particularly in elderly patients.

The most common side effects during treatment with Skudexa are nausea and dizziness, which occur in more than 1 in 10 patients.

When taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, fluid retention and oedema (especially in ankles and legs), increased blood pressure and heart failure may occur.

Taking medicines such as Skudexa may be associated with a small increased risk of heart attack ("myocardial infarction") or stroke.

In patients with immunological disorders affecting connective tissue (systemic lupus erythematosus or mixed connective tissue disease), administration of anti-inflammatory medicines may rarely cause fever, headache and neck stiffness.

Reporting of side effects
If any side effects occur, including any possible side effects not listed in this leaflet, tell your doctor or pharmacist. Side effects can also be reported directly to the Department of Monitoring Adverse Drug Reactions, Office for Registration of Medicinal Products, Medical Devices and Biocidal Products, Al. Jerozolimskie 181C, 02-222 Warsaw, tel.: +48 22 49 21 301, fax: +48 22 49 21 309, website: https://smz.ezdrowie.gov.pl.
Reporting side effects helps to provide more information on the safety of the medicine.

5. How to store the medicine Skudexa

Keep out of the sight and reach of children.
Do not use this medicine after the expiry date stated on the packaging. The expiry date refers to the last day of the stated month.
No special temperature storage requirements.
Store in the original packaging to protect from light.
Medicines must not be disposed of via wastewater or household waste. Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medicines no longer required. This will help protect the environment.

6. Package contents and other information

What Skudexa contains

The active substances are tramadol hydrochloride and dexketoprofen. Each tablet contains 75 mg of tramadol hydrochloride and 25 mg of dexketoprofen.
Other ingredients are:
Tablet core: microcrystalline cellulose, maize starch gelatinized, sodium croscarmellose, sodium stearyl fumarate, colloidal anhydrous silica.
Tablet coating: Opadry II white 85F18422 with the following composition: polyvinyl alcohol, titanium dioxide (E 171), macrogol/PEG 3350, talc.

What Skudexa looks like and contents of the pack
Skudexa tablets are almost white to slightly yellowish, elongated coated tablets with a division line on one side and an embossed "M" on the other.
Pack contents: 10, 20, 30, 50 or 100 coated tablets.
For further information, please contact the marketing authorization holder or the parallel importer.

Marketing Authorization Holder in Spain, the country of export:
LABORATORIOS MENARINI, S.A.
Alfons XII, 587 - Badalona (Barcelona)
Spain

Manufacturer:
Menarini – Von Heyden GmbH
Leipziger Strasse 7-13
01097 Dresden
Germany

Parallel Importer:
InPharm Sp. z o.o.
ul. Strumykowa 28/11
03-138 Warsaw
Poland

Repackaged by:
InPharm Sp. z o.o. Services sp. k.
ul. Chełmżyńska 249
04-458 Warsaw
Poland

Marketing Authorization Number in Spain, the country of export: 711033.0
Parallel Import Authorization Number: 315/24

This medicinal product is authorized for marketing in the Member States of the European Economic Area under the following trade names:
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, United Kingdom (Northern Ireland): Skudexa
France: Skudexum
Spain: Enanplus
Italy: Lenizak