Alprazolam Stada 2 mg tablets EFG

Package leaflet: Information for the user

Introduction

Package leaflet: information for the user

Alprazolam Stada 2 mg tablets EFG

Read all of this leaflet carefully before you start taking this medicine, because it contains important information for you.

• Keep this leaflet, as you may need to read it again.
• If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
• This medicine has been prescribed for you only and must not be given to other people, even if they have the same symptoms as you, because it could harm them.
• If you experience any adverse effects, consult your doctor or pharmacist, even if they are adverse effects not listed in this leaflet. See section 4.

Leaflet contents

1. What Alprazolam Stada is and what it is used for
2. What you need to know before taking Alprazolam Stada
3. How to take Alprazolam Stada
4. Possible side effects
5. How to store Alprazolam Stada
6. Contents of the pack and other information

1. What Alprazolam Stada is and what it is used for

Alprazolam belongs to a group of medicines called benzodiazepines (anxiolytic medicines).

Alprazolam is used in adults for the treatment of severe, disabling, or distressing anxiety symptoms. This medicine is intended for short-term use only.

2. What you need to know before taking Alprazolam Stada

Do not take Alprazolam Stada:

• If you are allergic to alprazolam, to benzodiazepines, or to any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6)
• If you have breathing difficulties, with or without sleep-related apnea (sleep apnea)
• If you have a disease called myasthenia gravis, which is characterized by muscle weakness
• If you have severe liver problems

Warnings and precautions

Talk to your doctor or pharmacist before starting alprazolam.

• You have any lung, kidney, or liver problems.
• You have felt or currently feel so depressed that you have had thoughts or ideas about suicide.
• You notice that the effect of the tablets weakens after taking them for several weeks (tolerance).
• During treatment, you experience symptoms of mania (a state of overexcitement, feelings of euphoria, or hyperirritability) or hypomania (a state of exaggerated excitement and activity).
• You are concerned about physical and mental dependence caused by alprazolam. If you do not want to stop treatment, you may be mentally dependent on this medicine. If physical dependence occurs, stopping treatment is accompanied by withdrawal symptoms (see section 3, "If you stop taking Alprazolam Stada"). The risk of dependence increases with higher doses and longer treatment duration, especially in patients with a history of alcohol or drug abuse, or when multiple benzodiazepines are combined. Therefore, treatment should be as short as possible.
• You have a history of alcohol, drug, or narcotic abuse.
• You have experienced memory disorders. Memory loss usually occurs several hours after taking the medicine. To reduce this risk, ensure you sleep uninterrupted for 7–8 hours after taking the medicine.
• You experience unexpected reactions such as restlessness, agitation, irritability, aggressiveness, disappointment, rage attacks, nightmares, hallucinations, psychosis, inappropriate behavior, delirium, or other behavioral disorders. These unexpected reactions occur more frequently in children and elderly patients.
• You suffer from a chronic lung disease.
• You are simultaneously consuming alcohol and sedatives.
• You have been diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder.
• You have a certain type of glaucoma.

To minimize the risk of dependence, the following precautions should be observed:

• Benzodiazepines should only be taken under medical prescription (never because they worked for someone else), and should never be recommended to others.
• Do not increase the doses prescribed by your doctor or extend treatment beyond the recommended duration.
• Consult your doctor regularly so they can decide whether you should continue treatment.
• Do not combine multiple benzodiazepines regardless of their indication.
• When stopping alprazolam treatment, symptoms similar to those that led to starting alprazolam may reappear (rebound effect). To avoid this, it is recommended not to stop treatment abruptly, but to gradually reduce the dose according to your doctor's instructions (see section "If you stop taking Alprazolam Stada").
• Benzodiazepines and similar medicines should be used with caution in elderly patients due to the risk of sedation and/or musculoskeletal weakness.

Taking Alprazolam Stada with other medicines

Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking, have recently taken, or might need to take any other medicines.

Alprazolam may interact with other medicines. Inform your doctor or pharmacist if you are taking any of the following:

Medicines that increase the sedative effect of alprazolam:

• Sleeping pills and sedatives
• Antipsychotics and antidepressants
• Antiepileptics
• Anesthetics
• Strong analgesics acting on the central nervous system
• Sedating antihistamines

Medicines that increase the effect of alprazolam by reducing its metabolism in the liver:

• Nefazodone, fluvoxamine, fluoxetine, sertraline (medicines for severe depression)
• Cimetidine (used to treat stomach problems)
• Medicines used to treat HIV
• Dextropropoxyphene
• Oral contraceptives
• Diltiazem (a medicine for blood pressure and heart conditions)
• Certain antibiotics (such as erythromycin, clarithromycin, telithromycin, and troleandomycin) and certain antifungal medicines (such as itraconazole, ketoconazole, posaconazole, voriconazole)

Medicines that decrease the effect of alprazolam by increasing its metabolism in the liver:

• Carbamazepine or phenytoin (antiepileptics, also used for other treatments)
• St. John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum, a herbal remedy)
• Rifampicin (an antituberculosis medicine)

Alprazolam may increase the effect of the following medicines:

• Digoxin (a heart medicine)
• Muscle relaxants
• Imipramine and desipramine (medicines for severe depression)
• Clozapine (a medicine for psychosis). There is an increased risk of cardiac and/or respiratory arrest.

Concomitant use of alprazolam and opioids (strong analgesics, medicines for substitution therapy, and some cough medicines) increases the risk of drowsiness, breathing difficulties (respiratory depression), coma, and may be potentially fatal. Because of this, concomitant use should only be considered when no other treatment options are possible.

However, if your doctor prescribes alprazolam together with opioids, your doctor will limit the dose and duration of concomitant treatment.

Inform your doctor about all opioid medicines you are taking and closely follow your doctor’s dosing recommendations. It may be helpful to inform friends or family members so they are aware of the signs and symptoms mentioned above. Contact your doctor if you experience any of these symptoms.

Taking Alprazolam Stada with food, drinks, and alcohol

During treatment, avoid alcoholic beverages. Alcohol may enhance sedation, which can affect your alertness (see section "Driving and using machines").

Do not drink alcohol while taking alprazolam tablets.

Pregnancy, breastfeeding, and fertility

If you are pregnant or breastfeeding, think you may be pregnant, or plan to become pregnant, consult your doctor or pharmacist before using this medicine.

Alprazolam is not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding unless, in the doctor’s opinion, the benefit outweighs the risk to the child.

If, on the doctor’s decision, alprazolam is administered during late pregnancy or during childbirth, effects on the newborn may occur, such as decreased body temperature (hypothermia), reduced muscle tone (hypotonia), and moderate respiratory depression.

Infants born to mothers who chronically take benzodiazepines during the last stage of pregnancy may develop physical dependence, potentially leading to a postnatal withdrawal syndrome.

Use in children and adolescents (under 18 years of age)

Alprazolam is not recommended for children and adolescents under 18 years of age. Benzodiazepines should not be given to children unless strictly necessary and prescribed by a doctor. The efficacy and safety of alprazolam have not been established in individuals under 18 years of age.

Use in elderly patients (over 65 years of age)

Alprazolam may affect this group of patients more than younger patients. If you belong to this group, your doctor may reduce your dose and monitor your response to treatment. Please follow their instructions carefully (see section "How to take Alprazolam Stada").

Benzodiazepines and related products should be used with caution in elderly people due to the risk of sedation and/or musculoskeletal weakness, which may lead to falls—often with serious consequences in this population.

Special patient groups

If your liver or kidneys do not function properly, consult your doctor, who may advise you to take a lower dose of alprazolam.

If you have respiratory disorders, inform your doctor.

Driving and using machines

Alprazolam may impair your ability to drive or operate machinery, as it may cause drowsiness, reduce attention, or decrease reaction capacity. These effects are more likely at the beginning of treatment or when the dose is increased. Do not drive or operate machinery if you experience any of these effects. These effects may be intensified if alcohol is consumed simultaneously.

Alprazolam Stada contains lactose

This medicine contains lactose. If your doctor has informed you that you have an intolerance to certain sugars, consult them before taking this medicine.

Alprazolam Stada contains sodium

This medicine contains less than 23 mg of sodium (1 mmol) per tablet; therefore, it is essentially "sodium-free".

3. How to take Alprazolam Stada

Follow exactly the instructions for use of this medicine given by your doctor. If in doubt, consult your doctor or pharmacist again.

Dosing:

The tablet or part thereof should be swallowed whole, with the help of a little liquid. Your doctor will prescribe the alprazolam formulation most suitable for the dose you require.

The usual doses are as follows:

• The initial dose is 0.25 mg to 0.5 mg of alprazolam three times a day.
• The usual dose ranges between 0.5 mg and a maximum of 4 mg per day, divided into 2 or 3 doses.

In elderly patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency, or with liver or kidney impairment, the recommended initial dose is 0.25 mg of alprazolam, 2 or 3 times a day, resulting in a total daily alprazolam intake of 0.5 mg to 0.75 mg in divided doses. This dose may be gradually increased if necessary and well tolerated.

Each individual dose must not exceed the limits indicated, nor must the total daily dose, unless your doctor specifically instructs otherwise.

Duration and discontinuation of treatment:

The maximum treatment duration should not exceed 2–4 weeks. Long-term treatment is not recommended. If your doctor considers it necessary to extend treatment in your case, it will be done only for limited periods, and your condition will be monitored frequently.

You must never stop treatment abruptly. Your doctor will determine the treatment duration based on the progression of your illness and will explain how you should gradually reduce the dose until treatment is discontinued.

If you feel that the effect of alprazolam is too strong or too weak, inform your doctor or pharmacist.

If you take more Alprazolam Stada than you should

If you have taken more alprazolam than you should, contact your doctor or pharmacist immediately or go to the nearest hospital, taking this leaflet with you.

Overdose with benzodiazepines generally manifests as varying degrees of central nervous system depression, ranging from drowsiness to coma. Symptoms include drowsiness (sedation), speech disorders (dysarthria), coordination disturbances, confusion, lethargy (a state of prolonged deep drowsiness), decreased muscle tone (hypotonia), low blood pressure, and respiratory depression. Coma and, very rarely, death may occur. Serious consequences are rare unless alprazolam is taken together with other drugs or alcohol.

In case of overdose or accidental ingestion, contact your doctor or pharmacist immediately, or call the Toxicology Information Service at telephone number: 91 562 04 20, indicating the medicine and the amount ingested. It is recommended to bring the medicine packaging and leaflet to the healthcare professional.

If you forget to take Alprazolam Stada

Do not take a double dose to make up for missed doses.

If you remember the missed dose shortly after the scheduled time, take it immediately. Otherwise, wait until the next scheduled dose and do not take a double dose to compensate.

If you stop taking Alprazolam Stada

Treatment with alprazolam may lead to dependence; therefore, abruptly stopping alprazolam may result in withdrawal symptoms.

Withdrawal symptoms may include: headache, muscle pain, anxiety, tension, restlessness, confusion, irritability, general feeling of discomfort (dysphoria), insomnia, sensitivity to light, sound, and physical touch, tingling sensations and cramps in the limbs and abdomen, vomiting, sweating, tremor, depersonalization, hallucinations, and seizures. If this occurs, you should consult your doctor immediately.

If you have any further questions about the use of this medicine, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

4. Possible adverse effects

Like all medicines, this medicine can cause adverse effects, although not everyone will experience them.

Adverse effects that may occur during treatment with alprazolam usually appear at the beginning of treatment and generally disappear with continued administration or after a dose reduction.

Very common adverse effects (may affect more than 1 in 10 people):

• Depression.
• Sedation, drowsiness, coordination disorder (ataxia), memory impairment, difficulty in articulating words (dysarthria), dizziness, headache.
• Constipation, dry mouth.
• Fatigue, irritability.

Common adverse effects (may affect up to 1 in 10 people):

• Feeling of confusion, disorientation, alteration of sexual desire (libido), anxiety, difficulty sleeping (insomnia), nervousness.
• Abnormal coordination, impaired balance, difficulty concentrating, excessive sleepiness (hypersomnia), prolonged state of deep drowsiness (lethargy), tremor.
• Nausea, decreased appetite.
• Blurred vision.
• Dermatitis.
• Sexual dysfunction.
• Weight changes.

Uncommon adverse effects (may affect up to 1 in 100 people):

• Memory loss (amnesia).
• Mental and behavioural disorders (mania), hallucinations, rage reactions, agitation, dependence.
• Loss of muscle strength.
• Inability to retain urine in the bladder (urinary incontinence).
• Irregular menstruation.
• Withdrawal symptoms.

Frequency not known (cannot be estimated from available data):

• Increase in blood levels of prolactin (a hormone responsible for stimulating and maintaining lactation after childbirth).
• Mental and behavioural disorders (hypomania), aggression, hostility, abnormal thinking, psychomotor hyperactivity, drug abuse.
• Autonomic nervous system imbalance, involuntary muscle contractions (dystonia).
• Gastrointestinal disorder, hepatitis, alteration of liver function, yellowish discoloration of the skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice).
• Peripheral edema.
• Angioedema (swelling beneath the skin).
• Photosensitivity (exaggerated response to light).
• Urinary retention in the bladder.
• Elevated intraocular pressure.

With the use of benzodiazepines, the following may occur:

• Drowsiness, lack of response to emotional stimuli (emotional blunting), reduced alertness, confusion, fatigue, headache, dizziness, muscle weakness, ataxia, or double vision. These phenomena occur predominantly at the beginning of treatment and usually disappear with continued administration. Gastrointestinal disturbances, changes in sexual desire, or skin reactions may occasionally occur.
• Memory loss (amnesia) may develop, which may be associated with inappropriate behaviours.
• The use of benzodiazepines may unmask pre-existing depression.
• When using benzodiazepines or similar compounds, reactions such as restlessness, agitation, irritability, aggression, delirium, rage attacks, nightmares, hallucinations, psychosis, inappropriate behaviour, and other behavioural disturbances may occur. These reactions can be severe and occur more frequently in children and elderly patients.
• Administration of the product (even at usual doses) may lead to the development of physical dependence. Discontinuation of treatment may lead to withdrawal or rebound phenomena. Psychological dependence may occur. Cases of abuse have been reported.

Reporting of adverse effects

If you experience any type of adverse effect, consult your doctor or pharmacist, even if it is a possible adverse effect not listed in this leaflet. You may also report them directly via the Spanish Pharmacovigilance System for Human Medicinal Products: https://www.notificaram.es. By reporting adverse effects, you can help provide more information on the safety of this medicine.

5. Storage of Alprazolam Stada

Keep this medicine out of the sight and reach of children.

This medicine does not require any special storage conditions.

Do not use this medicine after the expiry date stated on the packaging, following "EXP". The expiry date refers to the last day of the month indicated.

Medicines should not be disposed of via wastewater or household waste. Dispose of empty containers and unused medicines at the SIGRE point in your pharmacy. Ask your pharmacist how to properly dispose of containers and medicines you no longer need. This will help protect the environment.

6. - Contents of the pack and other information

Composition of Alprazolam Stada

• The active substance is alprazolam. Each tablet contains 2 mg of alprazolam.
• The other components (excipients) are: lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, maize starch (gluten-free), talc, sodium starch glycolate from potato, and magnesium stearate.

Appearance of the product and contents of the pack

Alprazolam Stada 2 mg are white, round, cross-scored tablets.

The tablet can be divided into equal doses.

Alprazolam Stada 2 mg tablets are available in packs containing 30 or 50 tablets.

Only certain pack sizes may be marketed.

Marketing Authorization Holder and Manufacturer

Marketing Authorization Holder

Laboratorio STADA, S.L.

Frederic Mompou, 5

08960 Sant Just Desvern (Barcelona)

Spain

[email protected]

Manufacturer

LACER, S.A.

C/. Boters, 5 –Parc Tecnològic del Vallès-

08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona)

Spain

Other presentations

Alprazolam Stada 0.25 mg tablets EFG: packs of 30 tablets.

Alprazolam Stada 0.5 mg tablets EFG: packs of 30 or 500 (clinical pack) tablets.

Alprazolam Stada 1 mg tablets EFG: packs of 30 or 50 tablets.

Date of the most recent review of this leaflet: February 2022

Detailed and up-to-date information on this medicine is available on the website of the Spanish Agency for Medicines and Health Products (AEMPS) www.aemps.gob.es.