Neoparin

Package leaflet: Information for the patient

Neoparin, 2000 IU (20 mg)/0.2 ml, solution for injection
Neoparin, 4000 IU (40 mg)/0.4 ml, solution for injection
Neoparin, 6000 IU (60 mg)/0.6 ml, solution for injection
Neoparin, 8000 IU (80 mg)/0.8 ml, solution for injection
Neoparin, 10,000 IU (100 mg)/1 ml, solution for injection
Enoxaparin sodium
Please read this leaflet carefully before using the medicine, as it contains
important information for the patient.

• Keep this leaflet, so that you can read it again if necessary.
• If you have any further questions, please consult your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse.
• This medicine has been prescribed for a specific individual. Do not pass it on to others. This medicine may harm other people, even if their symptoms are the same.
• If you experience any adverse reactions, including any not listed in this leaflet, inform your doctor or pharmacist. See section 4.

Leaflet contents

1. What Neoparin is and what it is used for
2. Important information before using Neoparin
3. How to use Neoparin
4. Possible side effects
5. How to store Neoparin
6. Contents of the pack and other information

1. What Neoparin is and what it is used for

Neoparin contains the active substance called enoxaparin sodium, which is a low molecular weight heparin (LMWH).
Neoparin works in two ways:

1. It prevents existing blood clots from growing larger. This helps the body dissolve existing clots so they are no longer harmful.
2. It prevents the formation of new blood clots in the patient's blood.
   Neoparin may be used for:

• Treating existing blood clots in the patient's blood.
• Preventing the formation of blood clots in the patient's blood in the following cases:
  • Before and after surgical procedures
  • During acute illness when the patient has limited mobility
  • In patients who have developed blood clots due to cancer, to further prevent the formation of new clots
  • In unstable angina (a condition in which insufficient blood reaches the heart)
  • After myocardial infarction (heart attack)
• Preventing clot formation in the dialysis circuit (used in patients with severe kidney dysfunction).

2. Important information before using Neoparin

When not to use Neoparin

• If the patient is allergic to enoxaparin sodium or any of the other ingredients of this medicine (listed in section 6). Symptoms of an allergic reaction may include: rash, difficulty swallowing or breathing, swelling of the lips, face, throat or tongue.
• If the patient has had an allergic reaction to heparin or other low-molecular-weight heparins such as nadroparin, tinzaparin or dalteparin.
• If the patient has previously experienced a reaction to heparin that caused a serious drop in platelets (blood cells responsible for blood clotting), known as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, within the last 100 days, or if the patient has antibodies against enoxaparin in the blood.
• If the patient has active bleeding or a medical condition associated with an increased risk of bleeding (e.g. stomach ulcers, recent brain or eye surgery), including recent hemorrhagic stroke.
• If the patient is being treated with Neoparin for blood clots and spinal or epidural anaesthesia or lumbar puncture is planned within 24 hours.

Warnings and precautions
Neoparin must not be used interchangeably with medicines containing other low-molecular-weight heparins. This is because they are not exactly the same and differ in activity and instructions for use.
Before starting Neoparin, discuss with your doctor or pharmacist if:

• The patient has ever had a reaction to heparin causing a significant drop in platelet count.
• The patient is scheduled for spinal, epidural anaesthesia or lumbar puncture (see "Surgery and anaesthetics"): appropriate time intervals between Neoparin administration and the procedure must be considered.
• The patient has had a heart valve replacement.
• The patient has endocarditis (an infection of the inner lining of the heart).
• The patient has had or currently has stomach ulcers.
• The patient has recently had a stroke.
• The patient has high blood pressure.
• The patient has diabetes or diabetic eye disease (diabetic retinopathy).
• The patient has recently undergone eye or brain surgery.
• The patient is elderly (over 65 years), especially over 75 years of age.
• The patient has kidney disease.
• The patient has liver disease.
• The patient is underweight or overweight.
• The patient has elevated potassium levels in the blood (this can be checked by a blood laboratory test).
• The patient is currently taking medicines that may cause bleeding (see section below "Neoparin and other medicines").

Before starting this medicine and periodically during treatment, the patient may undergo blood tests to monitor platelet count (blood cells responsible for clotting) and blood potassium levels.

Neoparin and other medicines
Inform your doctor or pharmacist about all medicines the patient is currently taking, has recently taken, or plans to take.

• Warfarin – a medicine used to thin the blood.
• Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), clopidogrel, or other medicines used to prevent blood clots (see also section 3 "Changing anticoagulant therapy").
• Dextran injections – used as a plasma substitute.
• Ibuprofen, diclofenac, ketorolac, or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used to treat pain and inflammation in arthritis and other conditions.
• Prednisolone, dexamethasone, or other medicines used to treat asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, and other conditions.
• Medicines that increase potassium levels in blood, such as potassium salts, diuretics, and certain medicines used in heart disease.

Surgery and anaesthetics
If the patient is scheduled for a lumbar puncture or surgery under epidural or spinal anaesthesia, inform the doctor that the patient is using Neoparin. See section "When not to use Neoparin". Additionally, inform the doctor of any spinal problems or if the patient has ever had spinal surgery.

Pregnancy and breastfeeding
If the patient is pregnant or breastfeeding, suspects she may be pregnant, or is planning to have a child, she should consult her doctor or pharmacist before using this medicine.
Women who are pregnant and have a mechanical heart valve may have an increased risk of blood clots. The doctor should discuss this issue with the patient.
Women who are breastfeeding or intend to breastfeed should seek medical advice before starting this medicine.

Driving and operating machinery
Neoparin does not affect the ability to drive or operate machinery.
It is recommended that the doctor records the brand name and batch number of the product used.

3. How to use Neoparin

This medicine should always be used exactly as directed by your doctor or pharmacist. If you are unsure,
you should consult your doctor or pharmacist.
Taking this medicine

• Neoparin is usually administered by a doctor or nurse. This is because it must be given by injection.
• After returning home, you may need to continue using Neoparin and to inject it yourself (see instructions for administering Neoparin below).
• Neoparin is usually given as a subcutaneous injection.
• Neoparin may be given as an intravenous injection following certain types of heart attack or after surgery.
• Neoparin may be administered into the dialysis tubing that carries blood away from the body (into the so-called arterial line) at the beginning of a dialysis session.
• Neoparin must not be given by intramuscular injection.

Dose of medicine

• Your doctor will decide how much Neoparin you should receive. The dose depends on the reason for treatment.

• If you have kidney disease, you may receive a lower dose of Neoparin.

  1. Treatment of blood clots in the patient

• The usual dose is 150 IU (1.5 mg) per kilogram of body weight once daily or 100 IU (1 mg) per kilogram of body weight twice daily.

• Your doctor will decide how long you should continue receiving Neoparin.

  2. Prevention of blood clots in the following situations:
     ❖ Surgery or periods of limited mobility due to illness

• The dose depends on the patient's risk of clotting. You will receive Neoparin at a dose of 2000 IU (20 mg) or 4000 IU (40 mg) daily.

• Before planned surgery, the first injection is usually given 2 hours or 12 hours before the procedure.

• If you have limited mobility due to illness, you usually receive Neoparin at a dose of 4000 IU (40 mg) daily.

• Your doctor will decide how long you should continue receiving Neoparin.

  ❖ After heart attack
  Neoparin may be used in two types of heart attack: ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). The dose of Neoparin will depend on the patient's age and the type of heart attack.

NSTEMI heart attack:

• The usual dose is 100 IU (1 mg) per kilogram of body weight every 12 hours.
• Your doctor will usually also recommend taking acetylsalicylic acid.
• Your doctor will decide how long you should continue receiving Neoparin.

STEMI heart attack in patients under 75 years of age:

• An initial dose of Neoparin, 3000 IU (30 mg), will be given as an intravenous injection.
• Neoparin will also be given as a subcutaneous injection. The usual dose is 100 IU (1 mg) per kilogram of body weight every 12 hours.
• Your doctor will usually also recommend taking acetylsalicylic acid.
• Your doctor will decide how long you should continue receiving Neoparin.

STEMI heart attack in patients aged 75 years or older:

• The usual dose is 75 IU (0.75 mg) per kilogram of body weight every 12 hours.
• The maximum dose of Neoparin in the first two doses is 7500 IU (75 mg).
• Your doctor will decide how long you should continue receiving Neoparin.

Patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI):
Depending on when the last dose of Neoparin was administered, your doctor may decide to give an additional dose of Neoparin before the PCI procedure. The medicine will then be given by intravenous injection.

3. Prevention of blood clots in dialyser tubing

• The usual dose is 100 IU (1 mg) per kilogram of body weight.

• Neoparin is injected into the tubing carrying blood away from the body (the so-called arterial line) at the start of a dialysis session. This dose is usually sufficient for a 4-hour dialysis session. However, if necessary, your doctor may administer an additional dose of 50 IU to 100 IU (0.5 to 1 mg) per kilogram of body weight.

Instructions for using the pre-filled syringe without a safety needle shield
How to self-administer a Neoparin injection
If you are able to self-inject this medicine, your doctor or nurse will show you how to do it.
Do not attempt to self-inject without prior training.
If you are unsure what to do, consult your doctor or nurse immediately.
Correctly administering the injection under the skin (called a "subcutaneous injection") will help
reduce pain and the risk of bruising at the injection site.
Before self-injecting Neoparin

• Check the expiry date of the medicine. Do not use it if the expiry date has passed.
• Check whether the pre-filled syringe is damaged and whether the medicine is a clear solution. If not, use another pre-filled syringe.
• Do not use this medicine if you notice any changes in the appearance of the product.
• Make sure you know the intended dose to be administered.
• Examine your abdomen to check whether the previous injection caused redness, skin discoloration, swelling, oozing, or persistent pain.
• If so, consult your doctor or nurse.
• Decide where the injection will be given. The medicine should be administered alternately on the left and right side of the abdomen. The injection should be given just under the skin of the abdomen, but not too close to the navel or any scar tissue (at least 5 cm away).
• The pre-filled syringe is for single use only.

Instructions for self-administering Neoparin
1) Wash your hands and the injection site with water and soap. Dry them.
2) Sit or lie down in a comfortable, relaxed position. Ensure the intended injection site is clearly visible. A bed, couch, or reclining chair with pillows is ideal.
3) Choose a site on the right or left side of the abdomen. It should be at least 5 cm away from the navel, towards the side.
Important: Do not inject the medicine in areas less than 5 cm from the navel or near scars or bruises. The medicine should be injected alternately on the left and right side of the abdomen, changing sides each time.
4) Carefully remove the needle cap. The pre-filled syringe is factory-filled with medicine and ready for use.

Do not press the plunger before injecting the medicine to remove air bubbles.
This may result in loss of some of the medicine. After removing the cap, do not allow the needle to touch any surface. This ensures the needle remains clean (sterile).
5) Hold the pre-filled syringe (like a pencil) in your dominant hand, and with the other hand gently pinch the cleaned area of the abdomen between your thumb and index finger, creating a skin fold.
Remember to keep holding the skin fold throughout the injection.
6) Hold the pre-filled syringe so that the needle points downward (vertically at a 90º angle). Insert the full length of the needle into the skin fold.

7) Press the plunger with your finger. This will deliver the medicine into the fatty tissue of the abdomen. Continue holding the skin fold throughout the injection.
8) Remove the needle by pulling it straight out.

To avoid bruising, do not rub the injection site after administration.
9) Dispose of the used pre-filled syringe.
Do not throw pre-filled syringes into your household waste bin.

Instructions for using the pre-filled syringe with a safety needle shield
How to self-administer a Neoparin injection
Your pre-filled syringe may have a needle shield that prevents needlestick injury. If you are able to self-inject this medicine, your doctor or nurse will show you how to do it.
Do not attempt to self-inject without prior training.
If you are unsure what to do, consult your doctor or nurse immediately.
Correctly administering the injection under the skin (called a "subcutaneous injection") will help
reduce pain and the risk of bruising at the injection site.
Before self-injecting Neoparin

• Check the expiry date of the medicine. Do not use it if the expiry date has passed.
• Check whether the pre-filled syringe is damaged and whether the medicine is a clear solution. If not, use another pre-filled syringe.
• Do not use this medicine if you notice any changes in the appearance of the product.
• Make sure you know the intended dose to be administered.
• Examine your abdomen to check whether the previous injection caused redness, skin discoloration, swelling, oozing, or persistent pain.
• If so, consult your doctor or nurse.
• Decide where the injection will be given. The medicine should be administered alternately on the left and right side of the abdomen. The injection should be given just under the skin of the abdomen, but not too close to the navel or any scar tissue (at least 5 cm away).
• The pre-filled syringe is for single use only.

Instructions for self-administering Neoparin
1) Wash your hands and the injection site with water and soap. Dry them.
2) Sit or lie down in a comfortable, relaxed position. Ensure the intended injection site is clearly visible. A bed, couch, or reclining chair with pillows is ideal.
3) Choose a site on the right or left side of the abdomen. It should be at least 5 cm away from the navel, towards the side.
Important: Do not inject the medicine in areas less than 5 cm from the navel or near scars or bruises. The medicine should be injected alternately on the left and right side of the abdomen, changing sides each time.
4) Carefully remove the needle cap. The pre-filled syringe is factory-filled with medicine and ready for use.

Do not press the plunger before injecting the medicine to remove air bubbles.
This may result in loss of some of the medicine. After removing the cap, do not allow the needle to touch any surface. This ensures the needle remains clean (sterile).
5) Hold the pre-filled syringe (like a pencil) in your dominant hand, and with the other hand gently pinch the cleaned area of the abdomen between your thumb and index finger, creating a skin fold.
Remember to keep holding the skin fold throughout the injection.
6) Hold the pre-filled syringe so that the needle points downward (vertically at a 90º angle). Insert the full length of the needle into the skin fold.

7) Press the plunger with your finger. This will deliver the medicine into the fatty tissue of the abdomen. Continue holding the skin fold throughout the injection.
8) Remove the needle by pulling it straight out. Do not release pressure on the plunger!

To avoid bruising, do not rub the injection site after administration.
9) Firmly press the plunger of the syringe. The needle safety shield, in the form of a plastic cylinder, will automatically slide over the needle, completely covering it.

10) Dispose of the used pre-filled syringe.
Do not throw pre-filled syringes into your household waste bin.

Changing anticoagulant therapy

• Switching from Neoparin to vitamin K antagonist anticoagulants (e.g. warfarin)
  Your doctor will order blood tests to measure your INR and will advise you when to stop taking Neoparin based on the results.
• Switching from vitamin K antagonist anticoagulants (e.g. warfarin) to Neoparin
  Stop taking the vitamin K antagonist medicine. Your doctor will order blood tests to measure your INR and will advise you when to start taking Neoparin based on the results.
• Switching from Neoparin to direct oral anticoagulants
  Stop taking Neoparin. Then start taking the direct oral anticoagulant 0–2 hours before the next scheduled injection time. Then continue taking the oral medicine as usual.
• Switching from a direct oral anticoagulant to Neoparin
  Stop taking the direct oral anticoagulant. Neoparin treatment may be started only 12 hours after the last dose of the direct oral anticoagulant.

Use in children and adolescents
The safety and efficacy of Neoparin have not been established in children and adolescents.

Accidental overdose of Neoparin
If you think you have used too much or too little Neoparin, contact your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist immediately, even if you do not notice any problems. If Neoparin is accidentally injected or swallowed by a child, go immediately to the nearest hospital emergency department.

Missed dose of Neoparin
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as possible. Do not use a double dose to make up for a missed dose. Keeping a diary can help ensure you do not miss a dose.

Stopping Neoparin treatment
If you have any further questions about using this medicine, consult your doctor, pharmacist, or nurse.
It is important to continue Neoparin injections until your doctor tells you to stop. Stopping treatment may lead to the formation of a blood clot, which could be very dangerous.

4. Possible adverse effects

Like all medicines, this medicine can cause adverse effects, although not everyone will experience them.
Similarly to other similar medicines (used to reduce blood clotting), Neoparin
may cause bleeding, which could potentially be life-threatening. In some
cases, bleeding may not be immediately visible.
If any bleeding occurs that does not stop spontaneously, or if signs of excessive bleeding appear (severe weakness, fatigue, paleness, dizziness, headache or unexplained sweating), medical advice should be sought immediately.
The doctor may decide to subject the patient to closer monitoring or to change the treatment.
Neoparin should be discontinued and medical advice should be sought immediately from a doctor or nurse if signs of a severe allergic reaction occur (such as difficulty breathing, swelling of the lips, mouth, throat or eyes).
If any of the following symptoms occur, enoxaparin should be discontinued and immediate medical assistance should be sought:

• Red, scaly, widespread rash with subcutaneous nodules and blisters, accompanied by fever. Symptoms usually appear at the beginning of treatment (acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis).

Contact a doctor immediately:

• If the patient experiences any signs of blood vessel blockage by a blood clot, such as:
  • cramping pain, redness, increased warmth or swelling in one of the lower limbs – these are symptoms of deep vein thrombosis
  • shortness of breath, chest pain, fainting or coughing up blood – these are symptoms of pulmonary embolism
• If the patient develops painful skin rash or dark red spots under the skin that do not fade on pressure. The doctor may order blood tests to determine platelet count.

Summary of possible adverse effects:
Very common (may affect more than 1 in 10 people)

• Bleeding.
• Increased liver enzyme activity.

Common (may affect up to 1 in 10 people)

• Greater than usual tendency to bruising. This may be caused by reduced platelet count.
• Pink skin spots. These changes are more likely at the injection sites of Neoparin.
• Skin rash (urticaria).
• Itchy, red skin.
• Bruising or pain at the injection site.
• Decreased number of red blood cells.
• Increased platelet count.
• Headache.

Uncommon (may affect up to 1 in 100 people)

• Sudden, severe headache. This may be a sign of intracranial bleeding.
• Sensation of tenderness and swelling in the stomach. This may indicate gastrointestinal bleeding.
• Large, irregularly shaped red skin lesions, with or without blisters.
• Skin irritation (local irritation).
• The patient may notice yellowing of the skin or eyes and darker urine. This may indicate liver disease.

Rare (may affect up to 1 in 1000 people)

• Severe allergic reaction. Symptoms may include rash, difficulty swallowing or breathing, swelling of the lips, face, throat or tongue.
• Increased blood potassium levels. This is more likely in patients with kidney disease or diabetes. The doctor may check this with a blood test.
• Increased eosinophil count in blood. The doctor may check this with a blood test.
• Hair loss.
• Osteoporosis (a condition in which bones are more prone to fractures) after long-term use of the medicine.
• Tingling, numbness and muscle weakness (especially in the lower part of the body) after lumbar puncture or spinal anaesthesia.
• Loss of bladder or bowel control (a condition in which the patient cannot control when they need to go to the toilet).
• Hardening or lump at the injection site.

Reporting of adverse effects
If any adverse effects occur, including any not listed in this leaflet, inform your doctor, pharmacist or nurse. Adverse effects can be reported directly to the Department of Monitoring of Adverse Drug Reactions of the Office for Registration of Medicinal Products, Medical Devices and Biocidal Products
Al. Jerozolimskie 181C
02-222 Warsaw
Tel.: + 48 22 49 21 301
Fax: + 48 22 49 21 309
Website: https://smz.ezdrowie.gov.pl
Adverse effects can also be reported to the marketing authorization holder.
Reporting adverse effects helps to collect more information on the safety of the medicine.

5. How to store Neoparin

Store below 25°C. The medicine may also be stored in the refrigerator (2°C - 8°C), but for no longer than 1 month. Do not freeze.
Keep the medicine out of sight and reach of children.
Do not use this medicine after the expiry date stated on the carton and the ampoule-syringe after EXP. The expiry date refers to the last day of the stated month.
Medicines must not be disposed of via the sewage system or household waste. Ask your pharmacist how to dispose of medicines no longer required. This will help protect the environment.

6. Contents of the pack and other information

What Neoparin contains

• The active substance is enoxaparin sodium.

Neoparin, 2000 IU (20 mg)/0.2 ml: One pre-filled syringe with needle containing 0.2 ml has 2000 IU (20 mg) of enoxaparin sodium.
Neoparin, 4000 IU (40 mg)/0.4 ml: One pre-filled syringe with needle containing 0.4 ml has 4000 IU (40 mg) of enoxaparin sodium.
Neoparin, 6000 IU (60 mg)/0.6 ml: One pre-filled syringe with needle containing 0.6 ml has 6000 IU (60 mg) of enoxaparin sodium.
Neoparin, 8000 IU (80 mg)/0.8 ml: One pre-filled syringe with needle containing 0.8 ml has 8000 IU (80 mg) of enoxaparin sodium.
Neoparin, 10,000 IU (100 mg)/1 ml: One pre-filled syringe with needle containing 1 ml has 10,000 IU (100 mg) of enoxaparin sodium.

• The other component (excipient) is: water for injections.

What Neoparin looks like and contents of the pack
Pre-filled syringes with needle, with or without a safety needle guard to prevent needlestick injury after injection, packed in blisters and placed in a cardboard box.
2 or 10 pre-filled syringes with needle of 0.2 ml
2 or 10 pre-filled syringes with needle of 0.4 ml
2 or 10 pre-filled syringes with needle of 0.6 ml
2 or 10 pre-filled syringes with needle of 0.8 ml
2 or 10 pre-filled syringes with needle of 1 ml
Not all pack sizes may be marketed.

Marketing Authorisation Holder and Importer
SciencePharma spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością
ul. Chełmska 30/34, 00-725 Warszawa, Poland
Tel.: +48 22 841 16 64

Further information
Detailed information about this medicine is available on the website of the Office for Registration of Medicinal Products, Medical Devices and Biocidal Products http://www.urpl.gov.pl/pl