Glucose

INSTRUCTIONS FOR MEDICAL USE OF THE MEDICINAL PRODUCT GLUCOSE (GLUCOSE)

Composition:

active substance: glucose;

100 ml of solution contain 5.0 g of glucose monohydrate calculated as anhydrous glucose;

excipient: water for injections.

Pharmaceutical form. Infusion solution.

Main physicochemical properties: clear colorless or slightly yellowish liquid.

Pharmacotherapeutic group.

Plasma substitutes and perfusion solutions.

ATC code B05C X01.

Pharmacological properties.

Pharmacodynamics.

5 % glucose solution is isotonic with respect to blood plasma and, when administered intravenously, replenishes the circulating blood volume, serves as a source of nutrient material in case of blood loss, and promotes elimination of toxins from the body. Glucose provides substrate-based replenishment of energy expenditure. With intravenous injections, it activates metabolic processes, improves hepatic antitoxic function, enhances myocardial contractile activity, dilates blood vessels, and increases diuresis.

Pharmacokinetics.

After administration, it rapidly distributes in body tissues. It is excreted by the kidneys.

Clinical characteristics.

Indications.

• Hyper- and isotonic dehydration;
• in children for prevention of water-electrolyte balance disturbances during surgical procedures;
• intoxication;
• hypoglycemia;
• as a solvent for other compatible medicinal solutions.

Contraindications.

5 % glucose solution is contraindicated in patients with:

• hyperglycemia;
• hypersensitivity to dextrose.

The drug must not be administered simultaneously with blood products.

Interaction with other medicinal products and other forms of interaction.

When used concomitantly with thiazide diuretics and furosemide, their ability to affect serum glucose levels should be taken into account. Insulin promotes glucose uptake into peripheral tissues. Glucose solution reduces the hepatotoxic effect of pyrazinamide. Administration of a large volume of glucose solution may lead to the development of hypokalemia, which increases the toxicity of concurrently administered cardiac glycosides. Glucose is incompatible in solutions with aminophylline, barbiturates, hydrocortisone, kanamycin, soluble sulfonamides, and cyanocobalamin.

Special precautions.

The drug should be used with extreme caution in patients with intracranial and intraspinal hemorrhages.

When administering the drug intravenously for prolonged periods, blood glucose levels should be monitored.

To prevent the development of plasma hypoosmolality, a 5% glucose solution may be combined with administration of isotonic sodium chloride solution.

When administering large doses, subcutaneous insulin may be required at a dosage of

1 IU per 4–5 g of glucose.

The contents of a vial may be used for one patient only. After breaking the seal of the bottle or polyethylene vial, any unused portion of the solution should be discarded.

Use during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

The drug may be used when clinically indicated.

Ability to affect reaction speed when driving or operating machinery.

Data are lacking due to the exclusive use of the drug under hospital conditions.

Dosage and Administration.

Administer intravenously by drip infusion. The dose for adults is up to 1500 ml per day. The maximum daily dose for adults is 2000 ml. If necessary, the maximum infusion rate for adults is 150 drops per minute (500 ml/h).

Children.

Dosage for children depends on age, body weight, clinical condition, and laboratory parameters.

Overdose.

Exaggeration of adverse reactions.

Hyperglycemia and hypotonic hyperhydration may occur. In case of overdose, administer symptomatic treatment and regular insulin preparations.

Adverse reactions.

Electrolyte imbalance and general systemic reactions associated with massive infusions: hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, hypomagnesemia, hyponatremia, hypervolemia, hyperglycemia.

Immune system disorders: allergic reactions (including hyperthermia, skin rashes, angioneurotic edema, shock).

Gastrointestinal disorders: very rare – centrally mediated nausea.

If adverse reactions occur, infusion should be discontinued, the patient's condition assessed, and appropriate medical assistance provided.

Shelf life. 2 years.

Storage conditions.

Store in a dry place at a temperature not exceeding 25 °C. Do not freeze.

Store in the original packaging.

Keep out of reach of children.

Incompatibility.

Glucose is incompatible in solution with aminophylline, barbiturates, erythromycin, hydrocortisone, warfarin, kanamycin, sulfonamides, and cyanocobalamin.

Do not use in the same system, either simultaneously, before, or after blood transfusion due to the risk of pseudoagglutination.

Packaging.

100 ml, 200 ml, 250 ml, 400 ml, 500 ml, 1000 ml, 3000 ml, or 5000 ml in PVC containers.

Prescription status. Prescription only.

Manufacturer.

Subsidiary enterprise "Farmatreyd".

Manufacturer's location and address of operations.

85 Sambirska Street, Drohobych, Lviv Oblast, Ukraine, 82111.

Marketing Authorization Holder.

Subsidiary enterprise "Farmatreyd".

Address of Marketing Authorization Holder.

85 Sambirska Street, Drohobych, Lviv Oblast, Ukraine, 82111.